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1. Bird Name: Known commonly as Black-shouldered Kite, the scientific name for this species is Elanus axillaris.

2. Appearance: The Black-shouldered Kite is a breathtaking species noted for its striking contrast of white and gray plumage. A medium-sized raptor, it sports a predominantly white body accentuated by soft, pearly grey wings and back. Its most distinctive features are the jet black “shoulders” seen when the bird’s wings are folded, its fiery red eyes, and its sharp black beak. Feathers cover the kite’s legs down to the toes with yellow talons. Both males and females are similar in appearance, with no discernible visual differences between them.

3. Size: On average, the Black-shouldered Kite measures 35-38 cm in length (around 14-15 inches). Their wingspan can reach up to 80-95 cm (31-37 inches), and they weigh in the range of 291-340 grams (about 10-12 ounces).

4. Habitat & Distribution: Widespread across Australia, the Black-shouldered Kite can also be found in smaller populations throughout Southeast Asia. They are birds of the open country, preferring habitats such as grasslands, farmland, and marshy areas with scattered trees and shrubs for cover and nesting.

5. Interesting Facts: These birds have an intriguing hunting technique characterized by a distinctive hovering flight followed by a swift and direct plunge onto their prey. Black-shouldered Kites play an essential role in controlling rodent populations. Additionally, they are one of few bird species that can breed at any time of the year, often synchronizing their reproduction with peaked rodent populations.

6. Diet: Small mammals, especially mice, constitute a major part of their diet. This bird of prey will also occasionally feed on small birds, reptiles, and insects.

7. Behavior & Sounds: These kites often hunt solo or in pairs and are known to be largely silent. However, during the breeding season, they vocalize through high-pitched, piercing whistle sounds to communicate. They construct flimsy nests of sticks in the protection of trees or shrubs where they raise their brood.

8. Conservation Status: The Black-shouldered Kite is listed as ‘Least Concern’ on the IUCN Red List, largely due to its extensive geographic range and steady population.

9. Lifespan: The average lifespan in the wild is around 6 years, though Black-shouldered Kites in captivity may live up to 12 years, considering the absence of predation and the availability of food.

10. Additional Notes: Known locally as “Mousehawk” in Australia due to their prey preference, these kites have a neutral relationship with humans, given their preference for rural areas. Their predation of small mammals serves as natural pest control, benefiting farmers. Despite their relatively stable conservation status, Black-shouldered Kites are affected by habitat alteration and degradation due to urban development and changes in farming practices. Observation and research of this species provide a better understanding of its behaviors, habitat needs, and potential threats for future conservation action.