rock dove

1. Bird Name: The English name of this bird is the Rock Dove. Its scientific name is Columba livia.

2. Appearance: The rock dove is a compact bird with a body length of 29 to 37 cm (11 to 15 inches). It has a broad, rounded tail, bright red feet, and a constant gentle wobble of the head as it walks. Most people recognize it as a species with blue-gray plumage but, in reality, Rock Doves sport vast variations in their coloration. From subtle grays, purplish pinks, striking blues to deep blacks, they exhibit an assortment of hues. Its neck features an iridescent display of green and violet whilst its chest can range from a soft gray to a rich orange-pink. Both sexes appear similar, with males being larger in size.

3. Size: In general, Rock Doves measure around 30 to 35 cm in length (11.8 to 13.8 inches) and weigh between 238 to 380 grams. The bird’s wingspan is about 62 to 68 cm (24.4 to 26.7 inches).

4. Habitat & Distribution: Rock Doves are cosmopolitan birds, found almost worldwide, especially in Europe, North America, northern Africa, and Asia. They prefer dwelling in rocky habitats such as cliffs and mountains, which is why they adapt so well to city landscapes with tall buildings and bridges serving as artificial cliffs.

5. Interesting Facts: Originating from wild birds in Europe, North Africa, and South Asia, Rock Doves are likely the first bird species domesticated by humans, around 5,000 years ago. They have been used as symbol carriers in several wars including World War I & II. Furthermore, their homing skill makes them a popular choice in pigeon racing, where birds are released far from their homes and must find their way back.

6. Diet: Rock Doves primarily feed on seeds, fruits, and plant material. They can also occasionally consume small insects and garbage, adapting to human spaces.

7. Behavior & Sounds: Rock Doves are typically gregarious and form large flocks. They have a characteristic head bobbing motion when they walk. Their cooing sound is a familiar part of the urban landscape, a series of soft, throaty coos followed by a two-part cooing phrase.

8. Conservation Status: According to IUCN Red List, Rock Dove is of Least Concern as its large population is widespread and stable.

9. Lifespan: The lifespan of a Rock Dove can range anywhere from 3 to 5 years in the wild. However, in captivity, they are known to live up to 15 years or more.

10. Additional Notes: Rock Doves, or “City Pigeons” as they’re often called, interact quite well with humans especially in urban areas where they’re often seen in flocks scavenging for food. In many cultures, they’re symbols of peace and love. With regards to their role in the ecosystem, they serve as a food source for various predators, and also help in seed dispersal which assists in plant propagation.