Sri Lanka Junglefowl

1. Bird Name

The bird under examination here is the ‘Sri Lanka Junglefowl,’ scientifically known as Gallus Lafayettii, named in honor of the French aristocrat Marquis de Lafayette.

2. Appearance

The Sri Lanka Junglefowl is a radiant bird, with males baring a striking flashy shade of deep, glorified orange and gold. With a glossy, purplish-black tail and a moss-green crest, these majestic birds have a unique crimson wattle, setting them apart from their relatives. The female, on the other hand, is less flashy, coated with earthy brown stripes for better camouflage. The center tail feathers of these birds are pretty elongated in males, while they exhibit a bright yellow beak and hold an aura of authority by showing off dark red eyes.

3. Size

The average size of the Sri Lanka Junglefowl ranges from 66-72 cm (26-28 inches) in males and 33 cm (13 inches) in females. The weight range for males is approximately 790-1130 grams, whereas females weigh between 690-910 grams.

4. Habitat & Distribution

True to its name, the Sri Lanka Junglefowl is found exclusively in Sri Lanka – inhabiting the tropical and subtropical rainforests, scrublands, and plantations across the island. This bird prefers dense undergrowth and thick forests, and can often be sighted near water bodies.

5. Interesting Facts

The Sri Lanka Junglefowl is Sri Lanka’s national bird, representing both natural beauty and cultural heritage. Unlike other chickens, this bird is a terrific flyer, often seen soaring around its forest home. It is also fascinating to note that the species is polygamous, with one rooster often spotted with several hens around.

6. Diet

The Sri Lanka Junglefowl is omnivorous; feeding on an array of seeds, berries, invertebrates, and occasionally small snakes or amphibians. They are also known to eat termites, particularly during the rainy season.

7. Behavior & Sounds

Sri Lanka Junglefowl roosts in trees at night. Males are known for their blazing displays of authority to protect their territory or attract hens, using a unique “bow and scrape” technique. The bird’s call is a series of loud, piercing cries, often heard in the early morning or late evening.

8. Conservation Status

According to the IUCN Red List, the Sri Lanka Junglefowl is currently of ‘Least Concern.’ However, deforestation and habitat degradation remain constant threats to the longevity of the native population.

9. Lifespan

The lifespan of the Sri Lanka Junglefowl holds an average of about 12-15 years in the wild. Data regarding the bird’s lifespan under captivity conditions is presently not defined.

10. Additional Notes

In Sinhala, Sri Lanka’s most widespread language, the bird is known as “Wali Kukula,” where “Wali” means forest, and “Kukula” translates to fowl. Human interaction with these birds is typically limited; they are considered shy and usually run for cover if approached.
The Sri Lanka Junglefowl plays a crucial role in the local ecosystem, acting as a significant seed disperser, contributing to the regeneration of the forest.