king fisher

1. Bird Name
Kingfisher, the English name for the species belongs to the family Alcedinidae. The common Kingfisher frequently referred to is Alcedo atthis, also scientifically known as River Kingfisher.

2. Appearance
The Kingfisher is renowned for its vibrant colours and distinct shape. Its upper parts and shoulders are strikingly blue, while its underparts are bright orange. The head features a large, royal-blue crest and a white bib separates the orange breast from its sharp, dagger-like beak, which is black with a yellow base. The legs are short and bright red. There is minimal difference between the appearances of males and females, except that females have a reddish base to their lower mandible.

3. Size
Kingfishers, on average, have a length of 17-19 cm (6.7-7.5 inches) and a wingspan of 24-26 cm (9.4-10.2 inches). They weigh around 34-46 grams (1.2-1.6 ounces).

4. Habitat & Distribution
Kingfishers are widely distributed across Europe, Asia, and North Africa. Favoring wet habitats, they are typically found near streams, rivers, lakes, ponds and coastal waters. These birds are highly territorial and often inhabit the same area throughout their lives.

5. Interesting Facts
Interestingly, Kingfishers are known for their specialist hunting skills where they dive into the water to catch fish. They often hover high up in the air to locate a target before making a quick, direct dive. Kingfishers can also control their eye’s cornea and lens shape to increase its refractive power and compensate for water’s refractive properties, providing a clear vision of the prey under water. This bird also features in several cultures and mythology often symbolizing peace, prosperity, and good luck.

6. Diet
As the name suggests, a Kingfisher primarily feeds on fish, along with a wide variety of aquatic insects and other invertebrates.

7. Behavior & Sounds
Known for their solitary nature, kingfishers will only couple up for the breeding season, after which they go their separate ways. Their call is a sharp whistle ‘chee’ or ‘chee-kee’ often uttered in flight.

8. Conservation Status
The Kingfisher is classified as ‘Least Concern’ by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), though in some regions declines due to habitat loss and pollution reported.

9. Lifespan
Kingfishers typically live for about 6-7 years in the wild. However, many perils during their first year mean that only around half survive to breed the following year.

10. Additional Notes
Also known as ‘Eisvogel’ in German, ‘Martin-pêcheur’ in French, and ‘Martín pescador’ in Spanish. Kingfishers’ droppings are used to mark their territory. They are also considered an excellent indicator of local biodiversity due to their specific diet and dependence on the aquatic ecosystem. They are a coveted sight for birdwatchers due to their vivid coloring and interesting behavior.