white winged dove

1. Bird Name
The bird of interest is the White Winged Dove (Zenaida asiatica), also known in the Spanish tongue as paloma aliblanca.

2. Appearance
The White Winged Dove gets its name from the broad, white stripes visible along the edges of its wings when spread. This characteristic distinguishes it from other doves. Its body is a smooth, uniform gray while its head and belly are a lighter shade of gray. Males may show hints of iridescence on their necks. The eyes are encircled by bright-blue, bare skin, which is more noticeable during the breeding season. Beak of this bird is somewhat short and slender. In both sexes, the appearance is quite similar, although males may be slightly larger than females.

3. Size
A medium-sized bird, the White Winged Dove averages about 29 to 31 cm (11-12 inches) in length. It possesses a wingspan of approximately 45 cm (17.7 inches). The bird’s weight ranges from 145-200 grams (5-7 ounces).

4. Habitat & Distribution
The White Winged Dove, initially native to North and Central America, has expanded its territory remarkably. Within United States, it is typically found in Texas, Arizona, New Mexico, Florida, and parts of southern California. Its habitat extends down to Central America and the Caribbean, and as far south as Argentina in South America. The species prefers subtropical and tropical regions but have adapted to urban environments. They inhabit desert scrub, woodlands, agricultural fields, and urban gardens.

5. Interesting Facts
The White Winged Dove is a migratory bird, with northern populations migrating to Mexico and Central America during winter. They have long been a symbol of peace in many cultures. Interestingly, in their native habitats, they serve as a primary pollinator for the saguaro cactus.

6. Diet
These doves primarily feed on seeds, grains, and fruits. They occasionally consume small insects. In desert regions, they rely heavily on the fruit of the saguaro cactus for both food and water.

7. Behavior & Sounds
White Winged Doves nest in trees, shrubs, or on man-made structures. Pairs display a courtship ritual that involves bowing and cooing. Their sound is a distinct, haunting hooting sound, a cooing sequence that goes: “who-cooks-for-you.” These birds are strong fliers and often fly long distances in search of food.

8. Conservation Status
The IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) classifies the White Winged Dove as ‘Least Concern’. However, habitat degradation and hunting pressure in certain regions pose potential threats.

9. Lifespan
In the wild, the White Winged Dove can live up to 15 years, but the average lifespan is usually less due to predation and disease. In captivity, with optimal care, they may live over 20 years.

10. Additional Notes
Localized names for the bird include “paloma de alas blancas” (Spanish) and “tourterelle à ailes blanches” (French). In suburban areas, they are often seen visiting bird feeders. Their role in ecosystems is vital as they help with seed dispersal and the pollination of certain plants, like the saguaro cactus. Their population also serves as food for many predators.