purple finch

1. Bird Name
The English name of the bird is Purple Finch. Its Latin scientific name is Haemorhous purpureus.

2. Appearance
The Purple Finch is noted for its distinctive coloration, especially with regards to the males of the species. Males are predominantly raspberry-red with a splash of brown on the wings and tail, though the color can extend to the belly and even the back, depending on the individual. The intensity of the color may vary between different purplish-pinks. Females, on the other hand, have a brown-streaked white color, similar to a sparrow. Their appearance is generally less vivid. Both genders possess conspicuous, strong, conical bill best suited for a granivorous diet. Their eyes are black and the feather texture is smooth and dense, providing substantial insulation in colder climates.

3. Size
Purple Finches are relatively small birds averaging 15 cm in length with a typical wingspan of around 22 to 26 cm. They weigh between 18 to 32 grams.

4. Habitat & Distribution
This bird species is predominantly found in North America, with large communities in Canada and the Northeast and West Coast of the United States. However, they also scatter across the United States during the winter season. The Purple Finch favors coniferous forests and mixed woodlands, but is often seen in shrubs, orchards, and backyard feeders in populated areas.

5. Interesting Facts
The Purple Finch was first described by Johann Friedrich Gmelin, a German naturalist, in 1789. Another fascinating fact revolves around their migratory habits. The Purple Finch engages in ‘irruptive migration’, which means the extent and direction they migrate fluctuates each year based on food availability and population density. When describing the Purple Finch, naturalist Roger Tory Peterson famously said, “He is the bird who spilled the raspberry jam.”

6. Diet
The Purple Finch diet mainly consists of seeds, berries, and insects. Food types can vary depending on the season. During the winter, they depend heavily on seeds, particularly from conifers and elms, while during the breeding season, they often consume insects and caterpillars.

7. Behavior & Sounds
The Purple Finch is social and often found in groups. It has a short, undulating flight pattern. The song of the Purple Finch is a rich, rapid warble, interrupted by distinct short notes. Its call has been described as a harsh “tek” or a soft, low “plink”.

8. Conservation Status
The Purple Finch is currently listed as ‘least concern’ by the IUCN Red List. Though its population has declined due to habitat loss and competition with the House Sparrow, it is not yet considered threatened or endangered.

9. Lifespan
Purple Finches typically live up to 14 years in the wild, though lifespan can be considerably extended in captivity with the absence of natural predators and abundance of resources.

10. Additional Notes
In French, the Purple Finch is known as ‘Roselin pourpre’. It plays a crucial role in the ecosystem by dispersing the seeds of the fruits they consume. In populated areas, they have been known to interact well with humans, often visiting bird feeders. Its remarkable raspberry-red color and melodic song make it a favorite among bird enthusiasts. Especially during the winter season, by providing food in your backyard feeders, you might be fortunate enough to attract this beautiful bird, adding a splash of color to the wintry landscape.