puffin bird

1. Bird Name
The Puffin is also commonly known as the Atlantic Puffin, and scientifically named Fratercula arctica. The word “Fratercula” translates to “little brother”, which is quite fitting for this sociable and endearing bird species.

2. Appearance
The Puffin is renowned for its dazzling coloration and comical appearance. It boasts a large and brightly colored beige-orange beak, accentuated by eye-catching blue and yellow markings. Tall grey feet and striking black and white plumage adds contrast to the mix. A grey-white face and hypnotic blue eyes complete its striking appearance. The beak shape is designed for securing and carrying several fish at once, often seen stacking multiple prey in their mandibles. There’s no sexual dimorphism, both males and females look very similar.

3. Size
Puffins stand at an average length of 25-30 cm (10-12 inches), with a wingspan that extends around 50-60 cm (20-24 inches). They usually weigh between 380-650 grams.

4. Habitat and Distribution
The Puffin thrives along the coastlines of the northern Atlantic Ocean, from the northeastern United States, across to northern Europe and Arctic regions, to the rocky shores of Ireland and the UK. They prefer maritime areas and are notably found on cliff tops and rugged islands.

5. Interesting Facts
Puffins are excellent swimmers, using their wings to ‘fly’ underwater whilst pursuing their prey. Their cultural significance is profound in countries like Norway and Iceland where they are considered a national symbol. Moreover, a group of puffins is delightfully called a ‘circus’!

6. Diet
Puffins are primarily fish eaters, with a special penchant for sand eels, herring, and capelin. Their impressively adapted beaks allow them to carry up to 10 fish back to their nesting sites.

7. Behavior and Sounds
Their nesting style is fascinating – they dig a burrow into the ground or find a natural crevice. Mating pairs often perform ‘bill-tapping’ behavior. Puffins communicate through a range of sounds including growls, grunts, and short, high-pitched noises.

8. Conservation Status
According to the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List, the Atlantic Puffin is listed as ‘Vulnerable’ due to decreasing population trends.

9. Lifespan
In the wild, Puffins typically live for about 20 years, while some reach a venerable age of 30. In captivity, their lifespan may extend slightly longer.

10. Additional Notes
The Puffin has earned the nickname ‘Clown of the Sea’ or ‘Sea Parrot’ due to its unique and colorful appearance. It also plays a crucial role in the ecosystem by controlling fish populations. Humans and puffins have a mixed relationship – revered in some cultures, yet unfortunately hunted in others. They are crucial to the ecotourism industry, attracting thousands of bird watchers, particularly in places like Iceland and Scotland. In the local Icelandic language, it’s referred to as “Lundi”.