magpie bird
Bird Profile: Magpie
1. Bird Name
English Name: Magpie
Scientific Name: Pica pica
2. Appearance
The Magpie is visually distinguished by its striking black and white plumage. The majority of its body is glossy black, with a metallic sheen that can appear green or violet in certain light conditions. Its wings and tail are adorned with elongated, iridescent feathers, which add a blue or purplish tint to its glossy black coloration. The bird’s underparts and half of its wings, however, are stark white, creating an eye-catching contrast. Magpies have strong, black beaks, as well as black feet and legs. Their eyes are typically dark, though juveniles may have lighter, blueish-gray eyes that darken as they mature. There are no significant differences in appearance between male and female magpies, making them sexually monomorphic.
3. Size
Magpies measure around 44 to 46 centimeters in length, which is equivalent to roughly 17 to 18 inches. The wingspan ranges from 52 to 62 centimeters, approximately 20 to 24 inches. These birds typically weigh between 200 to 250 grams.
4. Habitat & Distribution
Magpies inhabit a broad range of environments across continents. They are found in North America, Europe, and Asia, even extending into the Arctic Circle’s edge in the north. They prefer open woodland areas, agricultural lands, grasslands, and populated suburbs, often avoiding dense forests.
5. Interesting Facts
Magpies are among the most intelligent of birds. They have even demonstrated self-recognition in mirror tests, a trait rare among non-mammal species. Culturally, they have significant representation, featuring in numerous folk tales, superstitions, and artwork throughout the world due to their pervasive, noisy presence, and striking appearance. Lastly, contrary to popular belief, magpies do not have an innate attraction to shiny objects.
6. Diet
Magpies are omnivores with a diet consisting primarily of insects, small mammals, seeds, and fruits, though they will also scavenge on carrion and human food waste when available. During nesting season, magpies will often feed on the eggs and chicks of smaller bird species.
7. Behavior & Sounds
Magpies are social animals, often seen in pairs or families. They are known for their elaborate courtship behavior, which includes wing-flapping and mutual preening. These birds are also territorial, particularly during the nesting season. The calls of the magpie are varied, with the most common being a loud, harsh “chacker chacker.”
8. Conservation Status
Magpies are classified as of ‘Least Concern’ by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List. Their population is large and widespread, so there are currently no significant conservation concerns.
9. Lifespan
The lifespan of magpies averages around 5 to 6 years in the wild, although individuals have been recorded living up to 21 years in optimal conditions.
10. Additional Notes
Locally, the magpie goes by various names in different countries and languages. For example, in France, it’s called “Pie,” in Spain – “Urraca,” and in Germany – “Elster.” Magpies are not typically feared or particularly beloved by humans. They often become comfortable in populated areas, leading to their status as a common garden bird in many regions. Ecologically, magpies play a role in controlling insect populations and can even aid in the spread of seeds due to their varied diet.
