Indian Pond Heron

1. Bird Name: Indian Pond Heron, Ardeola grayii.

2. Appearance: The Indian Pond Heron, a small-sized heron, is commonly seen in the Indian subcontinent. They are notable for the stark contrast in their coloration, with non-breeding birds primarily in streaked grey and white, while breeding adults exhibit a rich chestnut and greenish-black color. Their beak is yellowish-green and they have a sharp pointed tip ideal for nabbing their prey. Their eyes are yellow, encased in bright yellow rings. Feathering is smooth, adding to their streamlined appearance for swift hunting maneuvers. Sexes are similar in appearance, although females tend to be slightly duller than males.

3. Size: The Indian Pond Heron stands about 40 to 50 cm (16 to 20 inches) in height. Their wingspan is approximately 80-85 cm (31.5-33.5 inches) and they tend to weigh within the range of 250- 500g.

4. Habitat & Distribution: The bird is widely distributed across the Indian subcontinent and extending up to Burma and Sri Lanka. It is partial to freshwater wetland habitats such as river edges, ponds, lakes, marshes, and rice fields. The Indian Pond Heron adjusts well to human settlements and can be seen on the outskirts of urban areas where small water bodies are present.

5. Interesting Facts: a) Although shy and sedentary during the day, they reveal vibrant colors while in flight. b) While hunting, these birds use the ‘sit-and-wait’ technique, staying utterly still and then striking swiftly at unsuspecting prey. c) In local language, these birds are named ‘kana koka’, which translates into “blind heron”, due to their perceived inability to see approaching humans until up close.

6. Diet: The Indian Pond Heron is carnivorous and its diet is dominated by fish, frogs, and aquatic insects. However, it has also been known to prey on crustaceans, mollusks, and small reptiles.

7. Behavior & Sounds: These birds are generally solitary when feeding but may breed in small colonies. Their flight is slow but steady with a rapid wingbeat. They have a unique style of contracting their neck and withdrawing it into the body during flight. Given their reclusive nature, their calls are rarely heard except during the breeding season when let out a harsh croaky call.

8. Conservation Status: According to the IUCN Red List, the Indian Pond Heron has been classified as a species of least concern because of its wide distribution and large stable population.

9. Lifespan: In the wild, the Indian Pond Heron typically lives up to 10 years. Lifespan in captivity has not been well-studied.

10. Additional Notes: The Indian Pond Heron’s potential adaptability to urban areas has had a positive impact on its conservation status, providing vital services within ecosystems by controlling populations of insects and other small creatures. In some cultures, the Indian Pond Heron is seen as a symbol of life and good fortune due to its association with water, a crucial resource. Their diverse diet and opportunistic feeding strategy make them a successful species, beneficial for maintaining a balanced ecosystem.