american white pelican

1. Bird Name
The bird of focus in this article is the American White Pelican, also known by its scientific name, Pelecanus erythrorhynchos.

2. Appearance
The American White Pelican is an unmistakable sight due to its large size and distinct coloration. It is predominantly white, with black feathers only visible on the edges of its wings when in flight. The bird has a large, orange-yellow bill that forms a pouch for catching fish, its primary food source. The bird’s eyes are a captivating pale blue. During the breeding season, a disc-shaped, fibrous plate develops on the upper part of the bill of both males and females, disappearing after the eggs are laid.

3. Size
The American White Pelican can reach lengths of 50 to 70 inches, and boast impressive wingspans of approximately 95 to 120 inches, making it one of North America’s largest birds. It weighs, on average, between 7 and 30 pounds.

4. Habitat and Distribution
American White Pelicans inhabit areas across North America, primarily residing in the mid-west and western regions of the United States during the breeding season. They are typically found in shallow, freshwater lakes, such as those in Minnesota and North Dakota, but they can also be seen in some saline lakes. During the winter, they migrate southward to the Gulf Coast, Pacific Mexico and inland into central California and Texas.

5. Interesting Facts
One unique trait of the American White Pelican is its cooperative fishing strategy – they often encircle schools of fish and then simultaneously dip their bills into the water to scoop up their prey. Unlike their Brown Pelican cousins, American White Pelicans do not dive from the air for fish. Another interesting fact is their flight efficiency. They catch thermal updrafts and can soar for miles without having to flap their wings.

6. Diet
American White Pelicans predominantly feed on fish, not being particularly choosy about the species. Various types of carp and chubs, catfish, yellow perch, trout, and jackfish might be on the menu. On occasion, they also eat crayfish and amphibians.

7. Behavior & Sounds
Whether soaring in the sky or lounging on a calm water surface, American White Pelicans exude grace. They are social birds, often seen in large groups during feeding or resting. When it comes to sounds, their vocalization is relatively limited. They infrequently produce low-pitch throaty hisses or grunts, especially when in colonies.

8. Conservation Status
According to the IUCN Red List, the American White Pelican is currently categorized as “Least Concern.” They continue to remain relatively widespread, although some local populations have declined due to habitat loss and human disturbance.

9. Lifespan
In the wild, the American White Pelican can live anywhere from 10 to 25 years. However, in captivity, these birds have been known to live up to 34 years.

10. Additional Notes
The American White Pelican plays an important ecological role in controlling fish populations in their habitat, thus maintaining the balance of the ecosystem. They are generally not significantly aggressive toward humans unless disturbed or threatened.

This bird is also appreciated for its seasonal regularity, making it an indicator species for the arrival of spring in some regions. The Navajo people consider the American White Pelican to be a symbol of unselfishness and communal efforts. The colorful, large bill of the American White Pelican makes it a favorite among bird-watchers and photographers.